Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
Volume:14 Issue: 54, Winter 2022

 Heath promoting lifestyle can improve physical and psychological health in individuals and populations, especially veterans. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship of core self-evaluations with a health-promoting lifestyle by mediating social intimacy and self-control in the veterans in the National Iranian South Oil Company. 

 This descriptive-correlational study was carried out on veterans with more than 25% disability, who worked in the National Iranian Oil Companies of Setad, Karoun, Maroun, Gachsaran, and Masjed Soleyman in Ahvaz, Aghajari, and Gachsaran cities in 2021-2022. Out of 382 people, 202 subjects were selected by the census. Data were collected through a core self-evaluation scale, health-promoting lifestyle questionnaires, social intimacy scale, and a self-control questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient, multivariate regression, and structural equation path analysis methods by SPSS 24 and AMOS 18 software.

 The results showed a good fit for the causal model of the study, and in general, all path coefficients related to the proposed model were significant (p<0.05).

 Social intimacy and self-control can play a mediating role in the relationship between core self-evaluations with health-promoting lifestyle.

The aim of the study was to reveal the essence and structure of the program for the development of female corporeality, identify psychological features of work in the context of individual consultations, describe the content of group classes, and analyze empirical data obtained as a result of the program implementation.

This descriptive study was conducted in 2020-2021 in Kyiv, Ukraine on 151 women who agreed to pass the survey and the author's program. The study took place in Institute of Personnel Training of the State Employment Service of Ukraine. They were selected by convenience sampling method. Young women under the age of 40, without clinical psychiatric disorders, were selected for the study. The program "Psychological features of the development of female corporeality" consists of individual consultations and group classes. The results of the tests were calculated as mean±SD. The threshold of reliability of the obtained data was designated as p<0.05.

Such psychological features of corporeality in young women in the context of phenomenology are determined: indicators of psychosomatic potential, the competence of verbalization of bodily self and locus of body control, types of self-awareness, and self-reflection of bodily potential. The results of the study showed that the conformist type of self-reflection of bodily potential prevails among women and it can be affirmed that women aged 20 to 35 years are characterized by an insufficient level of self-reflection of bodily potential.

The content of the program on body development in young women is revealed.

 One of the consequences of life in today's society is the high prevalence of spinal cord injury, which happens for several reasons. Decreased mobility in these people causes premature fatigue and reduces their quality of life, which leads to diseases. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of virtual reality-based rehabilitation exercises and reflexology in reducing the fatigue rate of paraplegic veterans.

 This quasi-experimental study was carried out on paraplegia veterans in Tehran province in 2020. Forty-five active paraplegia veterans with spinal cord injury and a history of regular exercise of with at least 2 years’ experience of regular participation in sport activities were randomly classified into three groups: virtual reality, reflexology, and control. The Functional Status Scale is a self-administered questionnaire that was used. Exercise programs were performed for three sessions per week for 30 minutes every other day for six weeks. A post-test was performed after the training sessions. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 software by ANOVA test.

 The mean score of fatigue in the subjects was 45.86±13.57, which was obtained after a pre-test using the fatigue severity scale questionnaire. Findings showed that virtual reality exercises and reflexology had a significant effect on fatigue in paraplegia veterans (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed between both experimental and control groups after the intervention (p<0.05). The reduction of fatigue was also significant in the massage group (p<0.05).

 There is a reduction in Fatigue rate in Paralyzed Veterans in both massage and virtual reality groups compared to the control group.

The study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of some fibrinolytic parameters in the differential diagnosis between patients with unstable angina and musculoskeletal disorders.

This cross-sectional study included 119 patients with chest pain, and the provisional diagnosis “UA” was conducted in in 2021 in Bogomolets National Medical University. After a full set of diagnostic procedures, the authors formed four groups: patients with ischemic and non-cardiogenic chest pain without coronary artery disease history (1 & 2) or coronary artery disease history (3 & 4). Blood plasma tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 concentrations, tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1, and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1/tissue plasminogen activator ratios were analyzed.

Binary logistic models were assessed, receiver operating characteristic curves, calculated sensitivity, specificity, and positive likelihood ratio of each indicator. No diagnostic utility of tissue plasminogen activator concentration alone was revealed (p=0.68). Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 concentration and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1/tissue plasminogen activator ratio demonstrated a moderate increase (by 28% and 26%) in the probability of UA (positive likelihood ratio= 4.66 (2.57, 8.45) and 3.87 (2.29, 6.55), sensitivity 87.3% and 88.7%, specificity 81.2% and 77.1% at cut-off point 0.343rel.units/ml and 1.775, respectively), while tissue plasminogen activator/plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 raised the probability of MSD by 41% (positive likelihood ratio= 6.47 (3.29, 13.00), sensitivity 72.9%, specificity 88.7% at cut-off point 0.584).

PAI-1 concentration alone and tissue plasminogen activator /PAI-1 ratio but not tissue plasminogen activator alone have demonstrated promising results for differential diagnostic between ischemic and non-cardiogenic chest pain.

This study aimed to determine the effect of spiritual-religious practice on public health and life satisfaction of war survivors hospitalized due to COVID-19.

In this trial 150 hospitalized war survivors with COVID-19, were randomly assigned into two groups. Spiritual-religious practice (reciting “Surah AlHamd” and “Ya-Allah”) was taught to the intervention group. The practice was done 21 times. Demographic characteristics, the score of the 12-Item Short Form Survey and of Life Satisfaction with Life Scale were gathered.

Of 183 war survivors, 153 were reluctant to participate in the study. The differences between before and after the intervention were significant in intervention group in the following dimensions: physical functioning (p<0.000); role physical (p<0.000); mental health (p<0.000); social functioning (p<0.000); bodily pain (p<0.000); general health (p<0.000); mental component summary (p<0.000) and physical component summary (p<0.000). The differences of physical function (p<0.000); role physical (p<0.000); social functioning (p<0.000); bodily pain (p<0.000); general health (p<0.000); mental component summary (p=0.04) and physical component summary (p<0.000) were significant in control group, as well. At the end of the study, the mean life satisfaction scores in the intervention and control groups were 0.61 and -0.28.

The study showed that spiritual-religious practice along with routine medical care improved role physical, Physical Component Summary, and life satisfaction among war survivors hospitalized due to COVID-19.

 Adequate physical activity and mobility positively affect the mental health of people, especially people with special needs. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of sports activities on cognitive emotion regulation strategies, perceived psychological stress, and psychological hardiness of veterans and the disabled. 

 This descriptive study was conducted in 2021 on veterans and the disabled in Yazd, Iran. the number of 100 people (50 athletes and 50 non-athletes) selected by the convenience sampling method. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Ahvaz Psychological Hardiness Questionnaire examined research variables. Data were analyzed using the analysis of variance test through SPSS 25 software with the one-way ANOVA.

 There was a significant relationship between the perceived physiological stress, uncompromising emotion regulation strategies, and psychological hardiness in athletes and non-athletes’ veterans and disabled (p≤0.05). There was no significant difference in adapted emotion regulation strategies between the two groups (p>0.05).

The results showed lower scores in perceived stress and uncompromising strategies of emotion regulation and a higher score of psychological hardiness in athletes’ veterans and disabled

The study aimed to compare endotracheal intubation with i-gel and LMA (laryngeal mask airway) supreme supraglottic airway devices in orbital osteosynthesis surgery.

This comparative perspective single-center randomized study was conducted in Yekaterinburg Clinical Hospitals, Russia, in 2021. The number of 134 patients undergoing orbital plasty after fracture were enrolled in the study and were randomized into three groups: 43 in the endotracheal intubation group, 42 in the LMA-Supreme group, and 49 patients were included in the i-gel group. Hemodynamic parameters, respiratory mechanics, respiration, oropharyngeal leak pressure at different stages of surgical intervention, as well as the time of airway device insertion, the number of attempts, and the need for additional maneuvers to insert the airway device were assessed. For statistical processing, the EZR 1.37 on R commander 3.4.1 was used with the Kruskal-Wallis h-criterion and Pearson’s χ²-test.

In the postoperative period, the assessment of complications associated with the insertion of airway devices was implemented. We did not receive clinically significant differences in mechanical ventilation parameters between groups at the study stages (p>0.05). A reliable difference in oropharyngeal leak pressure at the beginning and the end of the surgical intervention was obtained (p<0.05). The number of complications was minimal and did not differ between the groups (p>0.05).

LMA-S and i-gel supraglottic airway devices allow to provide normal lung ventilation and gas exchange and can be an alternative to endotracheal intubation during orbital osteosynthesis surgery.

This study aimed to determine the biological activity test of the alcoholic extract of the leaves of Catharanthus roseus.

Catharanthus roseus was used in the implementation of the experiment and it included three factors: the first factor is watering the plants with three concentrations of sodium chloride salt (0, 50, and 100mmol) of sodium chloride, the second factor is three concentrations of nitrogen (urea) (0, 100 and 200mg.L-1) and the third factor three concentrations of selenium (Na2SeO4; 0,25 and 50mg.L-1), then tested the biological activity of plant leaf extracts from all treatments against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacteria through Measure the diameters of the areas of inhibition of bacterial growth.

The results of the laboratory experiment showed that the extract of the leaves of triple combination plants (100mmol NaCl+200mg.L-1 N+50mg.L-1 Se) achieved the largest inhibition area for the growth of E. coli reaching 27.50mm compared to the control, which is 4.20mm, and plant leaf extract in the combination (100mmol NaCl+100mg.L-1 N+50mg.L-1 Se) recorded the largest inhibition area in S. aureus reached 50.27mm compared to the control which recorded 9.10mm.

The plant leaf extract had an important role in inhibiting the growth of the bacteria studied, and the highest inhibition was observed in the interaction between the three factors salt, nitrogen, and selenium.

Devices that allow using the functionality of natural hand movements are of the greatest interest. The purpose of this study was to select areas of research at the intersection of several fields of science – biomechanics and cybernetics to develop scientific and technical approaches to track the movements of the operator's fingers and form feedback tactile and force communication received from the control object to achieve a new level of accuracy in work with virtual and with real objects by converting virtual contact action into physical. Methods of force feedback were implemented according which they can be divided into two groups: active and passive feedback. The main technologies used to implement various functionalities of the virtual reality glove were identified: measuring hand positions and feedback generation. The main advantages of the planned development were also identified: the ability to digitize up to 16 finger joints, tactile and force feedback, and moderate cost, a benchmark for the mass market.

The development of the design of the glove will be implemented using a kinematic scheme based on the kinematics of the human hand, considering the requirements of aesthetics and ergonomics of the solution. As a sensor system, it is planned to use digital Hall sensors with a capacity of up to 14 bits, high speed and, at the same time, small dimensions, allowing them to be installed directly inside the swivel joints.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent malignancy in children, accounting for up to 25% of all malignancies in children under the age of 15. TLRs are associated with the transduction of molecular signals in immune processes such as the production of cytokines, and recognition of specific molecular patterns on the surface of microorganisms, but they are also involved in cancer development. This study was trying to throw light on any possible association of gene expression of TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 in pediatric patients with ALL.

A case-control study was conducted on pediatric patients with ALL who have been admitted to Al-Basra Children Teaching Specialty Hospital. Over a period from September 2020 through June 2021, 62 patients (42 newly diagnosed and 20 relapses) were enrolled, in addition to 60 matched normal control, aged 6 months to 16 years. Three ml of blood was collected from all participants in EDTA tubes used for RNA extraction and then molecular analysis. Gene expression of TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 was done by Real Time-qPCR and the results were reported as ∆Ct (mean±SD).

The mean ∆Ct of TLR7 (-5.2200±3.29806) reflects the high expression of the gene being the most highly expressed gene (p<0.001). The mean ∆Ct±SD of TLR7 and TLR9 are high in a newly diagnosed group than relapsed one with no significant differences (p=0.686, and 0.400) respectively, while the mean ∆Ct of TLR4 is higher significantly (p<0.05) in a newly diagnosed group than relapsed one.

TLR4, TLR7, and TLR9 gene expression are higher in ALL patients, whether newly diagnosed or relapsed than in the control group. TLRs expression might be part of the immune-evasion mechanism developed by the malignant cells that play an important role in leukemogenicity and disease progression.

War is one of the most disastrous events for a nation and one of the most complex social phenomena affecting the involved people, families, and society in different aspects during the war and for many years after that. This study aimed to examine the formation of the post‐memory of the Iran‐Iraq war on the people of Ahwaz and Mashhad, Iran.

The present study is quantitative research conducted using a researcher‐built questionnaire. The sample included 384 people in 1986 to 1996 birth cohorts in Iran at Mashhad and Ahwaz cities. The tool validity was confirmed using content validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to test its reliability. Then, using SPSS 22 statistical software.

The mean of cultural memory and family memory, as two dimensions of the formation of post‐memory, is Significantly more in Ahwaz than in Mashhad city. The post‐memory dimensions had no significant relationship with age, employment, gender, income, and education between respondents in the two cities. There was a significant relationship between cultural memory and media as the formation aspects of family involvement in the Iran‐Iraq war. In Mashhad city, school lessons were significant in forming post‐memory regarding visiting the war areas. In the Ahwaz city, marital status had significant differences regarding family memory in post‐memory formation, where differences were more among married than unmarried people.

Although many years have passed since the war, its cultural and family effects on the citizens, especially the citizens of Ahwaz, who experienced the war up close, still remain.

 Quality of life is especially important in patients with diabetes. This study aimed to investigate the quality of life model in patients with type 2 diabetes based on awareness and mediated disease management behaviors.

 In this study, 300 patients with type 2 diabetes in Indonesia, Iraq, Iran, and India were studied. Research instruments include a diabetes patient awareness questionnaire, disease management behaviors questionnaire, and quality of life questionnaire in diabetic patients. The covariance multivariable test and structural equation modeling were used in SPSS 23 software.

 The results of the analysis of the measurement model show that the factor structure of the research scales is approved, and the test results of the field model show that the fit indices are in a good condition. The results showed that disease management behaviors have a significant direct effect on the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes and awareness has direct and indirect effects on quality of life (mediated by disease management behaviors).

 Findings indicate the importance of the role of awareness and disease management behaviors in the quality of life of patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, the results showed that the studied variables were upgraded for the post-test mode.

This study aimed to detect gram‐positive bacteria that cause UTIs with multiple antibiotic resistance, as well as phenotype and genotype methods to determine some genes in S. aureus isolates.

This study included 205 urine samples from outpatients with a urinary tract infection. The Polymerase Chain Reaction method was performed to evaluate the genotypic status of the 16S rRNA, erm B, mecA, bla Z, and msrA genes after DNA extraction.

only 51 (41.4%) were found to have gram‐positive bacteria, isolated bacteria were divided into two groups that include 37 isolates (30.08%) were Staphylococcus spp. and 14 isolates (11.3%) diagnosed as Enterococcus spp. and Staphylococcus spp. divided into two groups that include 17 isolates (13.8%) diagnosed as S. aureus and 20 isolates (16.2%) diagnosed as coagulase‐negative staphylococci, distributed as 7 isolates (5.6%) diagnosed as S. haemolyticus, 3 isolates (3.4%) diagnosed as S. epidermidis, 1 isolate (0.8%) diagnosed as S. vitulinus,4 isolates (3.2%) diagnosed as S. sciuri, 3 isolates (2.4%) diagnosed as S. homins, 1 isolate (0.8%) diagnosed as S. warneri, 1 isolate (0.8%) diagnosed as S. lentus.

The most common gram‐positive bacteria found to cause UTIs was S. aureus. A few pathogens of S. aureus were discovered to be resistant to Vancomycin and linezolid in this study. The prevalence of blaZ genes, which are responsible for resistance, was found to be high among pathogenic S. aureus isolates in Diyala province.

Periodontitis considers one of the essential complications that are accompanied by diabetes mellitus disease. Subsequently, researchers are focusing on the early detection for the development of this disorder by employing suitable biochemical factors as an optimal marker. Accordingly, the current study aimed to assess the levels of both osteopontin and alkaline phosphatase in patients Sera who suffering from diabetes with periodontitis to knowledge their ability to be the best factors for early prediction.

Blood samples were collected from 120 male persons, the age range of 35-65 years, in the Al-Baladiyat specialist center for dentistry. Patients were divided into three groups (30 with diabetic mellitus type 2, 30 with periodontitis, 30 patients with diabetic Mellitus with periodontitis) and 30 apparently healthy subjects as a management group. Serum levels of Fasting Blood Sugar and Alkaline phosphatase were estimated enzymatic method. Osteopontin levels were measured by the ELISA method.

The results showed an increase in osteopontin levels in patients groups of diabetes mellitus and diabetes mellitus with periodontitis compared to patients with only periodontitis and control groups. Also, results revealed a highly significant increase in Alkaline phosphatase levels in two patient groups including diabetic and diabetic with periodontitis in comparison with periodontitis and healthy groups. Receiver operating characteristic data analysis showed high values of the studied parameters in terms of AUC.

Analysis data by Receiver operating characteristic curve confirmed that both Osteopontin and Alkaline phosphatase consider excellent markers for the diagnosis of the studied cases based on the values of AUC. Accordingly, osteopontin was found to be the best marker that can be employed in the diagnosis of the studied cases

Amoebiasis was a main parasitic infestation triggered via Entamoeba histolyticawith clinical signs assortments starting moderately to heavy. This study aimed to culture E. histolytica in vitro from the stool samples of humans, and the stage of the cyst was purified. Materials &

Stool plus blood samples were collected from patients attending Basrah Hospitals. The identification of E. histolytica was done by macroscopic and microscopical examination. The high efficiency was recorded in the culture medium for isolating E. histolytica from the stool samples of humans. The cysts were purified.

The purity by use of precoll gradient is higher than in the culture medium and the protein of E. histolytica cysts was prepared. The immunogenicity of E. histolytica cysts was considered by using SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Seven proteins had been valued in patient serum as more immunogenic, their molecular weight was (83, 69, 61, 34, 29.1, 18.1, and 11.2kDa). Also, the intensities of IL-4 and IFN-γ were assessed by using ELISA kits in the serum of amoebiasis patients.

This study revealed that the serum level of IL-4 was significantly higher in patients with E. histolytica associated with healthy observation collection, while IFN-γ showed no significant difference.